Нусрат Фатех Алі Хан

Нусрат Фатех Алі Хан
Основна інформація
Дата народження	13 жовтня 1948[1][2][…]
Місце народження	Фейсалабад, Пенджаб, Пакистан
Дата смерті	16 серпня 1997[1][2][…] (48 років)
Місце смерті	Лондон, Велика Британія
Роки активності	з 1965
Громадянство	Пакистан
Віросповідання	іслам
Професії	співак, музикант, композитор, музичний педагог, storyteller, студійний музикант
Жанри	Каввалі і газель
Нагороди	Премія Нігар Азійська премія культури Фукуока (1996)
	Файли у Вікісховищі

Нусрат Фатех Алі Хан (13 жовтня 1948, Фейсалабад, Пакистан — 16 серпня 1997, Лондон, Велика Британія) — пакистанський співак, виконував музику переважно в суфійському стилі каввалі.[3] Він надзвичайно популярний серед шанувальників цього стилю; згідно з Книгою рекордів Гіннеса, до 2001 року було випущено 125 альбомів з його музикою, що є рекордом для записів у стилі каввалі. Отримав прізвисько «Шахіншах каввалі», що означає «Цар царів каввалі».[4] Писав популярну музику до індійських фільмів.

Біографія

Нусрат народився 13 жовтня 1948 року в пакистанському місті Лайяллпур (Фейсалабад), куди його батьки переїхали з Індії за рік до народження сина. Родина Хан протягом 600 років займалася музикою.[5] У дитинстві хлопчик не відрізнявся особливими вокальними здібностями[6], тому його батько — відомий виконавець каввалі Устад Фатех Алі Хан, хотів, щоб він став лікарем або інженером.[7] Але в 17 років юнак побачив сон, в якому його вже померлий до цього часу батько заповідав Нусрату продовжити сімейну справу і стати співаком. І Нусрат став навчатися мистецтва каввалі у своїх дядьків — Устада Мубарака Алі Хана, Устада Саламата Алі Хана і Устада Навазиша Алі Хана.[8][9] У 1964 році він став учасником ансамблю свого батька, а в 1971 році, після хвороби Устада Мубарака Алі Хана 23-річний Нусрат очолив ансамбль.[6][10][11]

Спираючись на записи виступів, що залишилися від батька і дядьків, Нусрат розробив свій власний стиль виконання каввалі, піднявши його естетичне й духовне значення на новий рівень, і став відомим виконавцем у Пакистані і за його межами.[12] Як основні інструменти використовувалися табла і фісгармонія.[13] Його брат Фаррух Фатех Алі Хан протягом 25 років грав в ансамблі на фісгармонії.[14]

У 1985 році Нусрат виступив з концертом у Великій Британії. А потім здійснив турне по всій Європі.[15]

У 1989 році він вперше прибув з гастролями в США. Тут же взяв участь у записі музики для кінофільмів. [16] В цей час особлива популярність прийшла до нього завдяки роботі з Пітером Гебріелем над звуковою доріжкою до фільму «Остання спокуса Христа» (1988) та участі у записі альбомів канадського музиканта Майкла Брука.[17] За цим були ряд альбомів, співпраця з іншими західними музикантами, музичні турне по різних (понад 40) країнах.[18]

Він помер у Кромвельському госпіталі Лондона через зупинку серця.[19]

Нагороди

У 1987 році він отримав від Президента Пакистану нагороду за внесок у пакистанську музику.
У 1995 році отримав музичний приз ЮНЕСКО.
У 1996 році удостоєний Гран-прі де-Амерікес на Монреальському кінофестивалі за винятковий внесок у мистецтво кіно.
У 1996 році — Азійська премія культури Фукуока. У Японії він також згадувався як Будаї або 'Співаючий Будда'.
У 2005 році хан отримав нагороду 'Легенди' на британській премії Asian Music Awards.
Випуск журналу Time Magazine від 6 листопада 2006 року, '60 років азійських героїв', перераховує його як одного з перших 12 художників та мислителів за останні 60 років.
Він також з'явився на NPR у списку 50 хороших голосів у 2010 році.
У серпні 2010 року він був включений в CNN список двадцяти найбільш знакових музикантів з останніх п'ятдесят років.
У 2008 році Хан опинився на 14-му місці в списку найкращих співаків всіх часів UGO.

Відгуки

Етномузиколог Вірджинія Горлінскі відзначала, що «Нусрат вірив у всеосяжність музичного послання, і прагнув за допомогою свого музичного виконання подолати релігійні та культурні кордони».[20]

Дискографія (обрана)

1990: Mustt Mustt
1991: The Day, the Night, the Dawn, the Dusk
1992: Devotional Songs
1996: Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Vol.115: Chishti Gulshan. (c) Oriental Star Agencies Ltd.
1996: Night Song
1997: Star Rise
2000: Back to Qawwali. (c) Long Distance.
2010: Traditional sufi qawwalis — Live In London, Vol. II. (c) Navras Records Ltd.
2011: Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Album — 17. (c) Rockville.
2012: Missives From Allah. BCD/3RDP.
2012: 50 Greatest Hits Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan. (c) Times Music.

Примітки

Person Profile // Internet Movie Database — 1990.
d:Track:Q37312
Bibliothèque nationale de France Ідентифікатор BNF: платформа відкритих даних — 2011.
d:Track:Q19938912 d:Track:Q54837 d:Track:Q193563
Gorlinski, Pakistani singer who is considered one of the greatest performers of qawwali, a Sufi Muslim devotional music characterized by simple melodies, forceful rhythms, and energetic improvisations that encourage a state of euphoria in the listener..
Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, the shahenshah of qawwali, is dead. His legend, however, will live on..
Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan performing in New Delhi earlier this year. He came from a family of qawwals who have made music for 600 years..
Gorlinski, Although Nusrat began to display a penchant for music and a particular aptitude for singing before he had reached age 10, he did not begin to devote himself to the qawwali tradition until he sang at his father’s funeral in 1964. Two years later he gave his first public performance as a qawwal, singing with his uncles, with whom he continued to perform until 1971, when Ustad Mubarik died..
Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Father Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, a famous qawwal, wanted his son to become a doctor or an engineer..
Gorlinski, Nusrat’s father, Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, and two of his uncles, Ustad Mubarik Ali Khan and Ustad Salamat Ali Khan, were famous qawwals (practitioners of qawwali) who sang in the classical form..
Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, After his father's death in 1964, Nusrat learnt the art of qawwali from his uncles - Ustad Mubarak Ali Khan, Ustad Salamat Ali Khan and Ustad Nawazish Ali Khan..
Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat joined his father's qawwali party in 1964. In 1971 he became the leader of the party after his uncle, Mubarak Ali Khan, took ill..
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan // Горохів А. Н. Музпросвет. — Супутник, 2003. ISBN 5-93321-059-5.
Gorlinski, Following his father’s death, Nusrat continued to study the recordings of his father and uncles, using them as a springboard from which to develop his own . Within just a few years he had established himself throughout Pakistan as the outstanding qawwal of his generation, singing powerfully and expressively in a very high register (a family trademark), with remarkable stamina and melodic creativity.<...>As he matured as a performer, Nusrat made various adjustments to his style, such as increasing the tempo, as a means to elevate qawwali to a new level of aesthetic and spiritual resonance with contemporary—and international—audiences..
Gorlinski, In concert he was usually accompanied by tabla (a pair of single-headed drums played with the hands), harmoniums (or reed organs; small keyboard instruments with a foot-operated bellows), and backing vocals..
Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, His brother, Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan, who accompanied him for the last 25 years, played the harmonium..
Gorlinski, In 1985 he gave a concert in the United Kingdom, and word of his talent began to spread. He was soon performing regularly throughout Europe..
Gorlinski, He first toured the United States in 1989, and in the 1990s he contributed to the sound tracks of several popular films..
Gorlinski, Popular musician Peter Gabriel promoted Nusrat on the world music circuit through his WOMAD (World of Music, Arts and Dance) festivals and through recordings on his Real World Records label. Meanwhile, composer Michael Brook helped increase the accessibility of Nusrat’s vocalizations by recasting them within Western rhythmic frameworks..
Gorlinski, Nusrat also worked with a number of internationally recognized figures in popular and art music..
Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, The qawwali shahenshah's (emperor) death on August 16 in a London hospital following a cardiac arrest triggered by kidney and liver failure was an occasion of grief for millions..
Gorlinski, Nusrat believed in the universality of the musical message and strove throughout his career to make his music transcend religious and cultural boundaries..

Література

Baruah A., Padmanabhan R. The stilled voice // Frontline. — 6-19 September 1997. — № 14, 18.

Gorlinski V. Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan // Encyclopædia Britannica.

Посилання

Біографія Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan^{[недоступне посилання з вересня 2019]}
Пісні суфійських містиків // Журнал Суфій, № 37, весна 1998, с. 16-19.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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d:Track:Q37312

[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q27031827"_data-entity-id="Q19938912"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:Національна_бібліотека_Франції|Bibliothèque_nationale_de_France]]</i>_[http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb138938164_Ідентифікатор_BNF]:_платформа_відкритих_даних<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2011.</span></span><div_style="display:none">[[d:Track:Q19938912]][[d:Track:Q54837]][[d:Track:Q193563]]</div>-2] Bibliothèque nationale de France Ідентифікатор BNF: платформа відкритих даних — 2011.
d:Track:Q19938912 d:Track:Q54837 d:Track:Q193563

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiPakistani_singer_who_is_considered_one_of_the_greatest_performers_of_qawwali,_a_Sufi_Muslim_devotional_music_characterized_by_simple_melodies,_forceful_rhythms,_and_energetic_improvisations_that_encourage_a_state_of_euphoria_in_the_listener.-3] Gorlinski, Pakistani singer who is considered one of the greatest performers of qawwali, a Sufi Muslim devotional music characterized by simple melodies, forceful rhythms, and energetic improvisations that encourage a state of euphoria in the listener..

[FOOTNOTEBaruah,_Padmanabhan6-19_September_1997Nusrat_Fateh_Ali_Khan,_the_shahenshah_of_qawwali,_is_dead._His_legend,_however,_will_live_on.-4] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, the shahenshah of qawwali, is dead. His legend, however, will live on..

[FOOTNOTEBaruah,_Padmanabhan6-19_September_1997Nusrat_Fateh_Ali_Khan_performing_in_New_Delhi_earlier_this_year._He_came_from_a_family_of_qawwals_who_have_made_music_for_600_years.-5] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan performing in New Delhi earlier this year. He came from a family of qawwals who have made music for 600 years..

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiAlthough_Nusrat_began_to_display_a_penchant_for_music_and_a_particular_aptitude_for_singing_before_he_had_reached_age_10,_he_did_not_begin_to_devote_himself_to_the_qawwali_tradition_until_he_sang_at_his_father’s_funeral_in_1964._Two_years_later_he_gave_his_first_public_performance_as_a_qawwal,_singing_with_his_uncles,_with_whom_he_continued_to_perform_until_1971,_when_Ustad_Mubarik_died.-6] Gorlinski, Although Nusrat began to display a penchant for music and a particular aptitude for singing before he had reached age 10, he did not begin to devote himself to the qawwali tradition until he sang at his father’s funeral in 1964. Two years later he gave his first public performance as a qawwal, singing with his uncles, with whom he continued to perform until 1971, when Ustad Mubarik died..

[FOOTNOTEBaruah,_Padmanabhan6-19_September_1997Father_Ustad_Fateh_Ali_Khan,_a_famous_qawwal,_wanted_his_son_to_become_a_doctor_or_an_engineer.-7] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Father Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, a famous qawwal, wanted his son to become a doctor or an engineer..

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiNusrat’s_father,_Ustad_Fateh_Ali_Khan,_and_two_of_his_uncles,_Ustad_Mubarik_Ali_Khan_and_Ustad_Salamat_Ali_Khan,_were_famous_qawwals_(practitioners_of_qawwali)_who_sang_in_the_classical_form.-8] Gorlinski, Nusrat’s father, Ustad Fateh Ali Khan, and two of his uncles, Ustad Mubarik Ali Khan and Ustad Salamat Ali Khan, were famous qawwals (practitioners of qawwali) who sang in the classical form..

[FOOTNOTEBaruah,_Padmanabhan6-19_September_1997After_his_father's_death_in_1964,_Nusrat_learnt_the_art_of_qawwali_from_his_uncles_-_Ustad_Mubarak_Ali_Khan,_Ustad_Salamat_Ali_Khan_and_Ustad_Nawazish_Ali_Khan.-9] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, After his father's death in 1964, Nusrat learnt the art of qawwali from his uncles - Ustad Mubarak Ali Khan, Ustad Salamat Ali Khan and Ustad Nawazish Ali Khan..

[FOOTNOTEBaruah,_Padmanabhan6-19_September_1997Nusrat_joined_his_father's_qawwali_party_in_1964._In_1971_he_became_the_leader_of_the_party_after_his_uncle,_Mubarak_Ali_Khan,_took_ill.-10] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, Nusrat joined his father's qawwali party in 1964. In 1971 he became the leader of the party after his uncle, Mubarak Ali Khan, took ill..

[11] Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan // Горохів А. Н. Музпросвет. — Супутник, 2003. ISBN 5-93321-059-5.

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiFollowing_his_father’s_death,_Nusrat_continued_to_study_the_recordings_of_his_father_and_uncles,_using_them_as_a_springboard_from_which_to_develop_his_own_._Within_just_a_few_years_he_had_established_himself_throughout_Pakistan_as_the_outstanding_qawwal_of_his_generation,_singing_powerfully_and_expressively_in_a_very_high_register_(a_family_trademark),_with_remarkable_stamina_and_melodic_creativity.<...>As_he_matured_as_a_performer,_Nusrat_made_various_adjustments_to_his_style,_such_as_increasing_the_tempo,_as_a_means_to_elevate_qawwali_to_a_new_level_of_aesthetic_and_spiritual_resonance_with_contemporary—and_international—audiences.-12] Gorlinski, Following his father’s death, Nusrat continued to study the recordings of his father and uncles, using them as a springboard from which to develop his own . Within just a few years he had established himself throughout Pakistan as the outstanding qawwal of his generation, singing powerfully and expressively in a very high register (a family trademark), with remarkable stamina and melodic creativity.<...>As he matured as a performer, Nusrat made various adjustments to his style, such as increasing the tempo, as a means to elevate qawwali to a new level of aesthetic and spiritual resonance with contemporary—and international—audiences..

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiIn_concert_he_was_usually_accompanied_by_tabla_(a_pair_of_single-headed_drums_played_with_the_hands),_harmoniums_(or_reed_organs;_small_keyboard_instruments_with_a_foot-operated_bellows),_and_backing_vocals.-13] Gorlinski, In concert he was usually accompanied by tabla (a pair of single-headed drums played with the hands), harmoniums (or reed organs; small keyboard instruments with a foot-operated bellows), and backing vocals..

[FOOTNOTEBaruah,_Padmanabhan6-19_September_1997His_brother,_Farrukh_Fateh_Ali_Khan,_who_accompanied_him_for_the_last_25_years,_played_the_harmonium.-14] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, His brother, Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan, who accompanied him for the last 25 years, played the harmonium..

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiIn_1985_he_gave_a_concert_in_the_United_Kingdom,_and_word_of_his_talent_began_to_spread._He_was_soon_performing_regularly_throughout_Europe.-15] Gorlinski, In 1985 he gave a concert in the United Kingdom, and word of his talent began to spread. He was soon performing regularly throughout Europe..

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiHe_first_toured_the_United_States_in_1989,_and_in_the_1990s_he_contributed_to_the_sound_tracks_of_several_popular_films.-16] Gorlinski, He first toured the United States in 1989, and in the 1990s he contributed to the sound tracks of several popular films..

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiPopular_musician_Peter_Gabriel_promoted_Nusrat_on_the_world_music_circuit_through_his_WOMAD_(World_of_Music,_Arts_and_Dance)_festivals_and_through_recordings_on_his_Real_World_Records_label._Meanwhile,_composer_Michael_Brook_helped_increase_the_accessibility_of_Nusrat’s_vocalizations_by_recasting_them_within_Western_rhythmic_frameworks.-17] Gorlinski, Popular musician Peter Gabriel promoted Nusrat on the world music circuit through his WOMAD (World of Music, Arts and Dance) festivals and through recordings on his Real World Records label. Meanwhile, composer Michael Brook helped increase the accessibility of Nusrat’s vocalizations by recasting them within Western rhythmic frameworks..

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiNusrat_also_worked_with_a_number_of_internationally_recognized_figures_in_popular_and_art_music.-18] Gorlinski, Nusrat also worked with a number of internationally recognized figures in popular and art music..

[FOOTNOTEBaruah,_Padmanabhan6-19_September_1997The_qawwali_shahenshah's_(emperor)_death_on_August_16_in_a_London_hospital_following_a_cardiac_arrest_triggered_by_kidney_and_liver_failure_was_an_occasion_of_grief_for_millions.-19] Baruah, Padmanabhan, 6-19 September 1997, The qawwali shahenshah's (emperor) death on August 16 in a London hospital following a cardiac arrest triggered by kidney and liver failure was an occasion of grief for millions..

[FOOTNOTEGorlinskiNusrat_believed_in_the_universality_of_the_musical_message_and_strove_throughout_his_career_to_make_his_music_transcend_religious_and_cultural_boundaries.-20] Gorlinski, Nusrat believed in the universality of the musical message and strove throughout his career to make his music transcend religious and cultural boundaries..